This article mainly studies the impact of low-altitude UAV network operation on big data service performance, analyzes the influencing factors of real-time performance, data security and application scenario diversity, and puts forward a series of optimization strategies. The results show that the low altitude UAV network has a wide application prospect in communication network optimization and disaster data acquisition. In addition, this paper also involves the relevant research of UAV in performance analysis, energy efficiency, optimization strategy and application technology, including the performance and efficiency of UAV in Cellular-ConnectedUAVs and UAV-Assistediot scenarios. And the remote sensing application of UAV in UrbanLowAltitude air and object oriented image analysis method based on deep learning and transfer learning. These studies provide valuable reference for our understanding and application of UAVs.