The dramatic need to stop the ongoing pandemic, the importance of understanding the molecular and cellular basis of the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and the relevance of developing effective therapies and vaccines is now of vital importance for all humans. For over a year, the efforts of an uncountable number of immunologists, researchers and clinicians have served these purposes, and almost all aspects of the interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and the immune system are under the magnifying glass. The most sophisticated molecular and cellular biology techniques including, among others, polychromatic flow cytometry, mass cytometry, single cell RNA sequencing have been used to understand how the virus can escape the immune response, and how it can trigger all those pathogenetic mechanisms that cause damages and eventually the death of the host. In this webinar, the most recent immunological advances in the fight to SARS-CoV-2 will be presented, embracing both clinical cases relating to persons with a different outcome of the infection, including those who typically experience a mild or a severe infection (such as pregnant women or elderly subjects, respectively), and the detailed responses to different types of therapies and vaccines.